Flying Training | Flight-Study

After Landing, Clear of Runway and Stopped, Parking, Engine Shutdown and Post-Flight

After-Landing During the after-landing roll, while maintaining airplane track over runway centerline with ailerons and heading down runway with rudder pedals, the airplane should be gradually slowed to normal taxi speed with normal brake pressure before turning off of the landing runway. Any significant degree of turn at faster speeds could result in subsequent damage […]

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Airplane Ground Operations

Before Takeoff Check and Takeoff Checks

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Before-Takeoff Check The before-takeoff check is the systematic AFM/POH procedure for checking the engine, controls, systems, instruments, and avionics prior to flight. Normally, the before-takeoff checklist is performed after taxiing to a run-up position near the takeoff end of the runway. Many engines require that the oil temperature reach a minimum value as stated in

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Airplane Ground Operations

Control positions of the nosewheel airplane

Airplane Taxiing

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Taxiing is the controlled movement of the airplane under its own power while on the surface. Since an airplane is moved under its own power between a parking area and the runway, the pilot needs to understand and be proficient in taxi procedures. A pilot should maintain situational awareness of the ramp, parking areas, taxiways,

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Airplane Ground Operations

Engine Starting and Hand Propping

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Engine Starting Airplane engines vary substantially and specific procedures for engine starting should be accomplished in reference to the approved engine start checklist as detailed in the airplane’s AFM/POH. However, some generally accepted hazard mitigation practices and procedures are outlined in this section. Prior to engine start, the pilot needs to ensure that the ramp

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Airplane Ground Operations

Standard hand signals used to assist pilots in managing a safe departure from the ramp to the taxiway or runway. Note that at night, the Emergency Stop signal is used for all stop indications

Aircraft Ground Operations

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

The airport ramp can be a complex environment with airport personnel, passengers, trucks, other vehicles, aircraft, and errant people and animals. The pilot is responsible for the operation of the airplane and should operate safely at all times. Ground operations subject the pilot to unique hazards, and mitigating those hazards requires proper planning and good

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Airplane Ground Operations

Risk and Resource Management

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Ground operations also include the pilot’s assessment of the risk factors that contribute to safety of flight and the pilot’s management of the resources, which may be leveraged to maximize the flight’s successes. The Risk Management Handbook (FAA-H-8083-2) should be reviewed for a comprehensive discussion of this topic. A review of key points follows. Approximately

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Airplane Ground Operations

Airplane Flight Manuals (AFM) and the Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) for each individual aircraft explain the required items for inspection

Preflight Assessment of the Aircraft

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

The visual preflight assessment mitigates airplane flight hazards. The preflight assessment ensures that any aircraft flown meets regulatory airworthiness standards and is in a safe mechanical condition prior to flight. Per 14 CFR part 3, section 3.5(a), the term “airworthy” means that the aircraft conforms to its type design and is in condition for safe

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Airplane Ground Operations

Role of the Pilot Examiner and the Flight Instructor

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Role of the Pilot Examiner Pilot and flight instructor certificates are issued by the FAA upon satisfactory completion of required knowledge and practical tests. The administration of practical tests is an FAA responsibility that may occur at the FSDO level. However, in order to satisfy the public need for pilot testing and certification services, the

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Introduction to Flight Training

Title 14 CFR, Chapter 1, Aeronautics and Space and subchapters

Role of the FAA

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is empowered by the U.S. Congress to promote aviation safety by prescribing safety standards for civil aviation. Standards are established for the certification of airmen and aircraft, as well as outlining operating rules. This is accomplished through the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), formerly referred to as Federal Aviation Regulations

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Introduction to Flight Training

Airplane flying training and landing cockpit view

Introduction to Flight Training

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

The overall purpose of primary and intermediate flight training, as outlined in this site, is the acquisition and honing of basic airmanship skills. [Figure 1] Airmanship is a broad term that includes a sound knowledge of and experience with the principles of flight; the knowledge, experience, and ability to operate an aircraft with competence and

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Introduction to Flight Training