Flying Training | Flight-Study

Airplane Short-Field Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb

When performing takeoffs and climbs from fields where the takeoff area is short or the available takeoff area is restricted by obstructions, the pilot should operate the airplane at the maximum limit of its takeoff performance capabilities. To depart from such an area safely, the pilot needs to exercise positive and precise control of airplane […]

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Airplane Crosswind Takeoff

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

While it is usually preferable to take off directly into the wind whenever possible or practical, there are many instances when circumstances or judgment indicate otherwise. Therefore, the pilot must be familiar with the principles and techniques involved in crosswind takeoffs, as well as those for normal takeoffs. A crosswind affects the airplane during takeoff

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Ground Effect on Takeoff

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Ground effect is a condition of improved performance encountered when the airplane is operating very close to the ground. Ground effect can be detected and normally occurs up to an altitude equal to one wingspan above the surface. [Figure] Ground effect is most significant when the airplane maintains a constant attitude at low airspeed at

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Checks Prior to Takeoff an Airplane

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Before going to the airplane, the pilot should check the POH/AFM performance charts to determine the predicted performance and decide if the airplane is capable of a safe takeoff and climb for the conditions and location. [Figure] High density altitudes reduce engine and propeller performance, increase takeoff rolls, and decrease climb performance. A more detailed

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Airplane initial roll and takeoff attitude

Airplane Normal Takeoff

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

A normal takeoff is one in which the airplane is headed into the wind; there are times that a takeoff with a tail wind is necessary. However, the pilot should consult the POH/AFM to ensure the aircraft is approved for a takeoff with a tail wind and that there is sufficient performance and runway length

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Airplane Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

About twenty percent of all yearly general aviation (GA) accidents occur during takeoff and departure climbs, and more than half of those accidents are the result of some sort of failure of the pilot. A significant number of takeoff accidents are the result of loss of control of the airplane. When compared to the entire

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Takeoffs and Departure Climbs

Upset Prevention and Recovery

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

An unusual attitude is commonly referenced as an unintended or unexpected attitude in instrument flight. These unusual attitudes are introduced to a pilot during student pilot training as part of basic attitude instrument flying and continue to be trained and tested as part of certification for an instrument rating, aircraft type rating, and an airline

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Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training

Airplane Stalls

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

A stall is an aerodynamic condition which occurs when smooth airflow over the airplane’s wings is disrupted, resulting in loss of lift. Specifically, a stall occurs when the AOA—the angle between the chord line of the wing and the relative wind—exceeds the wing’s critical AOA. It is possible to exceed the critical AOA at any

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Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training

Figure 2. Slow flight—low airspeed, high angle of attack, high power, and constant altitude

Slow Flight | Upset Prevention and Recovery

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

Flying at reduced airspeeds is normal in the takeoff/departure and approach/landing phases of flight. While pilots typically perform these operations at low airspeeds and close to the ground, pilots learn to maneuver an airplane in slow flight at a safe altitude. During slow flight, any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor,

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Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training

Best glide speed provides the greatest forward distance

Glides | Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers

Airplane Flying, Flying Training

A glide is a basic maneuver in which the airplane loses altitude in a controlled descent with little or no engine power. Forward motion is maintained by gravity pulling the airplane along an inclined path, and the descent rate is controlled by the pilot balancing the forces of gravity and lift. To level off from

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Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers